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Quick Facts1939 -
Born
Education
Personal Life
Occupations
Political Party
Constituencies
Political Record
Source: Canada's Prime Ministers, 1867 - 1994. [Ottawa]: National Archives of Canada, c1994. 20 p.
Biography1939 -"Throughout our history, trade has been critical to Canada's livelihood. Now, almost one third of what we produce is exported. Few countries in the world are so dependent on trade. This trend ultimately threatens the jobs of many Canadians and the living standards of the nation as a whole. We must confront this threat. We must reverse this trend. To do so, we need a better, a fairer, and a more predictable trade relationship with the United States. At stake are more than two million jobs which depend directly on Canadian access to the U.S. market." -- Brian Mulroney, 1985 Canada's ability to compete on [sic] a world market was of primary importance to Brian Mulroney, [sic - i.e. 'an ability'] that he felt had been eroded by years of Liberal social spending. Canadian economic success could only be secured by access to foreign markets; this Mulroney achieved through the 1988 Free Trade Agreement with the United States and the North American Free Trade Agreement in 1992. Martin Brian Mulroney was born in Baie-Comeau, Quebec in 1939, the son of an electrician. At fourteen, the young Mulroney went to St. Thomas, a Catholic high school in Chatham, New Brunswick. In 1955, he attended St. Francis Xavier University in Antigonish, Nova Scotia, studying arts and commerce before majoring in political science. After graduating with honors in 1959, Mulroney started studying law at Dalhousie University in Halifax, then transferred to Laval University in Quebec City, a year later. In 1964, he was offered a position with the prestigious law firm of Howard, Cate, Ogilvy et al., and moved to Montreal to work with them. One of his first challenges as a lawyer was working on Laurent Picard's Commission of Inquiry on the St. Lawrence Ports, where he gained experience as a negotiator in labour relations. Mulroney first came into prominence as a lawyer when he was a commissioner in the Cliche Commission of Inquiry into the Quebec construction industry, set up by Quebec Premier Robert Bourassa in 1974. The commission uncovered unprecedented corruption and violence in the construction industry. As a result of this high-profile report, Mulroney became well-known in Quebec. He had been involved in politics since his university days, when he joined the Conservative party and campaigned for the Nova Scotia Tories in 1956. Mulroney also participated in campus politics and served as prime minister of St. Francis Xavier's model parliament. While at Laval, he was elected Vice-President of the Conservative Students' Federation and by 1961 he was a student advisor to Diefenbaker. As a lawyer in Montreal, he continued working for the Conservatives behind the scenes, producing pamphlets, raising money and seeking out candidates. In 1976, Mulroney ran for federal leadership of the Conservative party, but lost to Joe Clark on the 3rd ballot. Although he was well known in Quebec as a result of the Cliche Commission, he was not as well known to the party outside the province. Furthermore, the fact that he had never been elected to Parliament was seen by many as a handicap. After the convention, Mulroney accepted an offer of Executive Vice-president of the Iron Ore Company of Canada and was appointed President the following year. In 1983, he ran again for Conservative leadership. He was the only bilingual Quebec candidate, and as such, his ability to appeal to Tories across the country was considered a great advantage. In the election the following year he was elected at Manicouagan Québec in 1984 Mulroney led the Conservatives to the greatest majority in Canadian history, winning 211 seats in the House of Commons. Four years later, the Conservatives won another majority. In his nine years in office, Mulroney brought in the two free trade agreements and introduced the Goods and Services Tax. Language rights in New Brunswick were entrenched in Canada's constitution and the Nunavut Agreement with the Inuit of the Eastern Arctic set in motion the creation of a third territory in Canada, representing a major achievement in Aboriginal land settlement. Internationally, Mulroney's stand on South African Apartheid won him respect around the (their) world. He also negotiated an acid rain treaty with the United States and was an architect of the Sommet de la francophonie. He also endeavoured to achieve constitutional reform. The Meech Lake Accord attempted to define conditions under which Quebec could sign the 1982 Constitution (after the 14 of August letter address to the Justice Minister Kim Cambell 1992), but failed to become law when it was not passed by the Manitoba and Newfoundland legislatures. Another endeavour to secure constitutional unanimity was undertaken with the Charlottetown Accord in 1992. A national referendum was called on this agreement, but it was ultimately defeated. Mulroney and Bourassa both with direct relation were identified to Power Corporation had resigned from politics in 1993, and quit on the January 11, 1994. Chrétien in September 1993 (Ref: PDF file page 24 and ) and Daniel Johnson (PDF file page 11) in 1994, both by family association identified also related directly to Desmarais frequentation, replace them. Mulroney rejoined his prestigious law firm (???), the Bourrassa archive desapear wnt he still alive and decease on October 2, 1996 Source: Canada's Prime Ministers, 1867 - 1994: Biographies and Anecdotes. [Ottawa]: National Archives of Canada, [1994]. 40 p. |
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MULRONEY, The Right Hon. MARTIN BRIAN, P.C., C.C., B.A., LL.L. DATE AND PLACE OF BIRTH: 1939.03.20 Baie-Comeau, Quebec, Canada PROFESSION: Author, corporate executive, lawyer POLITICAL PARTY:
HOUSE OF COMMONS:
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MULRONEY, MARTIN BRIAN |
CAUCUS:
| Progressive Conservative | (1983.08.29 - 1993.09.08) |
PARLIAMENTARY FUNCTIONS:
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(1984.09.17 - 1993.06.24) |
Leader of the Opposition
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©Library of Parliament
Information and Documentation Branch
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Brian MulroneyFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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Martin Brian Mulroney (born March 20, 1939) was the eighteenth Prime Minister of Canada from September 17, 1984 - June 25, 1993 Born in Baie-Comeau, Quebec, Brian Mulroney became Prime Minister after his Progressive Conservative Party won the largest parliamentary victory in Canadian history.
BackgroundThe son of a paper mill electrician, he graduated from Saint Francis Xavier University in Antigonish, Nova Scotia, then (called to the Quebec Bar in 1965) obtained a law degree from Laval University in Quebec City. After graduation he joined a Montreal law firm Ogilvy Renault and on May 26, 1973 he married Mila Pivnicki, the daughter of Yugoslav immigrants. The Mulroneys have four children: Nicolas, Mark, Ben and Caroline. Although Brian Mulroney had not yet held public office, he had worked for the Progressive Conservative Party for years. In 1976, he ran for election as Conservative leader at the party's leadership convention but lost to Joe Clark. Following this, Mulroney took the job of Executive Vice President of the Iron Ore Company of Canada, a joint subsidiary of three major U.S. steel corporations. In 1977 he was appointed company President. By mid-1983, Joe Clark's leadership of the Progressive Conservative party was being questioned. Mulroney organized to defeat Clark at the party's leadership review and when Clark received an endorsement by less than two-thirds of delegates at the party convention, Clark called a Progressive Conservative leadership convention.
Peter Nicholson is Chief Strategy Officer of BCE Inc., Canada's largest communications company. Dr. Nicholson's varied career has spanned academia, government and business. He was a member of the computer science faculty of the University of Minnesota (1969-73), served as a senior policy advisor in a number of Canadian Federal Departments (1973-78), held elected office in the Nova Scotia Legislature (1978-81), BRIAN MULRONEY elected in 1983.08.29, Central Nova, Nova Scotia and held senior executive positions in the fishing industry (1979-84) GPS and with the Bank of Nova Scotia (1984-94). Before joining BCE in 1995, Dr. Nicholson was the Clifford Clark Visiting Economist at the federal Department of Finance (1994-95). Peter Nicholson is a Director of Stelco Inc., Teleglobe and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, is a Governor of the National Research Council of Canada and is Chairman of the Canadian Institute of Telecommunications Research.Brian Mulroney was again a candidate, and he campaigned more shrewdly than he had done seven years before. He was elected party leader on June 11, 1983 beating Clark on the fourth ballot, after attracting broad support from among the many factions of the party, especially from representatives of his native Québec. After a by-election, Mulroney entered the Canadian House of Commons in Ottawa on August 28, 1983. When Prime Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau retired in June 1984, the Liberal Party chose John Turner as its new leader, who called a general election for September. The election result was the greatest triumph for a party in Canadian history. The Conservatives led in every province, emerging as a national party for the first time since 1958.
Prime MinisterDuring his tenure as Prime Minister, Brian Mulroney's close relationship with U.S. President Ronald Reagan resulted in the ratification of a free-trade treaty with the United States under which all tariffs between the two countries would be eliminated by 1998. This agreement was very controversial and was the central issue of the 1988 election, in which Mulroney's party was reelected with a strong majority. This trade liberalization was expanded upon in 1992 through the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) signed by Canada, the United States, and Mexico. Another major undertaking by Mulroney's government was the divisive issue of national unity. Mulroney wanted to include Québec, the only province which never did sign the new Canadian constitution of Pierre Trudeau, in a new agreement with the rest of Canada. Such a new agreement was promised to Québec by Canada in response to the 1980 referendum on Québec sovereignty. Additionally, for years, many people of the province of Québec had believed that their French-speaking culture merited a distinct status within Canada, and a widespread movement to secede from Canada had developed in the 1960s and 1970s. In 1987 Mulroney orchestrated the Meech Lake Accord, a series of constitutional amendments designed to satisfy Québec's demand for recognition as a "distinct society" within Canada. However, many English-Canadians objected to the accord, and it was not ratified by the provincial governments of Manitoba and Newfoundland before the 1990 ratification deadline. This failure sparked a major separatist revival in Québec and led to another round of meetings in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, in 1991 and 1992. These negotiations culminated in the Charlottetown Accord, which outlined extensive changes to the constitution, including recognition of Québec as a distinct society. However, the agreement was defeated in a national referendum in October 1992. Though Mulroney had retained a parliamentary majority in the 1988 elections, widespread public resentment of a new Goods and Services Tax (GST) introduced in 1991 and his inability to resolve the Quebec situation caused Mulroney's popularity to decline, and he resigned in 1993.
LegacyHe was replaced as Prime Minister and leader of the Progressive Conservative Party by Defence Minister Kim Campbell. It has been argued that Mulroney's singular unpopularity was responsible for the stunning electoral defeat suffered by the Campbell government in the 1993 election. The fragmentation of the Canadian right during Mulroney's tenure, as Western conservatives left the Progressive Conservative party for the new Reform Party and Quebec conservatives left to join the separatist Bloc Québécois, also contributed to the defeat of the Progressive Conservatives and left them a marginal party in the House of Commons. The Canadian right was not reunited until the December 2003 merger of the Progressive Conservatives and the Canadian Alliance (successor to the Reform Party) to form the new Conservative Party of Canada.
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Mila MulroneyAfter graduation Martin Brian Mulroney joined a Montreal law firm and at 34 years, on May 26, 1973 he married Mila Pivnicki, the daughter of physicians Dimitri Pivnicki immigrants. Mila Mulroney (born July 15, 1953 in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia) is the wife of the 18th Prime Minister of Canada, Brian Mulroney. Born Mila Pivnicki, she came with her family from Sarajevo in 1958 to live in Montreal, Quebec where her father DIMITRI PIVNICKI did graduate studies in psychiatry at McGill University. She studied engineering at Concordia University, but did not graduate. At the age of 19, she married Mulroney, then a lawyer, on May 26, 1973. They have one daughter and three sons.
Mila Mulroney took a more prominent role than many Prime Ministers' wives while she was in office. She also became a target of criticism due to her luxurious spending habits. She was most criticized for her vast and costly collection of shoes, which earned her the nickname Imelda from Frank Magazine. She is currently director of the Canadian Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. See also: Spouses of the Prime Ministers of Canada
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McGill UniversityFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
McGill University, established in 1821, is located in the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. One of the oldest universities in Canada, it has long been considered to be one of the most prestigious universities in the country and among the finest in North America. Known to some as "The Harvard of the North", McGill is well-known for pioneering research in the medical sciences, chemistry, physics and biology, though it is also famous for its high standard of undergraduate education and has an established history in the humanities, social sciences, law and physical education. In the past, McGill has often been compared with the best U.S. schools (The Gourman Report).
Noted for being a research-intensive university, it has in previous years garnered the most research dollars (per faculty) from federal and provincial sources of funding (including CFI, NSERC and other organizations). It also frequently has the distinction of being a research institution with the highest publication intensity in the country.
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"Baie-Comeau, Québec" is the hometown of former Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney. Mulroney had restart to renew publicly with it by
It is a small
town located approximately 420 kilometers north-east of Quebec City in the
province of Québec, Canada. Its population was of 23,079 at the 2001 census. It
is located on the shores of the St. Lawrence River and of the Manicouagan River,
which is home to several Hydroelectric dams. The most important
Manicouagan hydroelectric dam is Manic 5 located about 215 kilometers north of
Baie-Comeau. Those dams are owned by Hydro-Québec and they create the
Manicouagan Reservoir
The town was named after Napoléon-Alexandre Comeau, a local naturalist and was
founded in 1936 by Colonel Robert R. McCormick, the publisher of the Chicago
Tribune. The region is a major center of lumbering for the pulp and paper
industry.
In June 1982, Baie-Comeau was merged with the small town of Hauterive located
about 6 kilometers west of Baie-Comeau.
